Types of electrosmog

The term electrosmog covers many different terms. The limit values for different types of radiation are presented in more detail here.

Radiation limits for high-frequency alternating electromagnetic fields

http://www.funktechanalyse.de/info-faq/umrechnung/

Did you know…

…that WLAN radiation is pulsed, i.e. it consists of individual pulses that are emitted in the fixed

Consecutive bars

…that the standby radiation of the access points (base station) has a pulse frequency

of 10 Hertz (10 pulses per second) has

…that this 10 Hertz pulse frequency is exactly in the range of the

alpha brainwave frequency of 8-12 Hertz ?

This measures the transmission power in watts that reaches a certain area in square meters. Usually given in microwatts (μW = W / 10000) per square meter (m² ). This value is also referred to as power flux density.

µW/m²

(μW = W / 10000) per square meter (m² )

0,000001

natural background radiation (unpulsed)

0,001000

would be sufficient for telephoning with D & E network and UMTS; building biology guideline value for bedrooms with pulsed RF radiation

0,003600

in Handy still works (according to the letter from Orange). Orange Comm. SA

0,002700

Natural electromagnetic oscillation of our earth in the range around 10 Hertz. (“Schumann resonances” caused by a standing wave over the earth’s circumference, excited by solar winds and thunderstorms) Schumann, 1952

0,1

First change in the calcium metabolism of living cells, including human brain cells! (Bahmeier)

1

Building biology guideline value for bedrooms with unpulsed 1 μW/m² HF radiation; Salzburg precautionary value for indoors; building biology limit value, recommendation of the state of Salzburg (indoors) ww.maes.de and others.

10

Salzburg precautionary value for outdoors; limit value recommendation by Dr. L. von Klitzing for mobile radio (2001)

32

Significant dose-response relationship between field strength at the sleeping place and 13 of 16 symptoms investigated: memory problems, vision problems, headaches, skin problems, irritability, dizziness, malaise, sleep disorders, nausea, cardiovascular problems, concentration problems, loss of appetite, chronic fatigue (40-fold from 0.22 V/m), depression (60-fold from 0.22V/m!). Study around 2 mobile phone transmitters in La Nora, Spain. Navarro, 2003 & Oberfeld, 2004

52

Change in the rate at which DNA damage occurs and the rate at which the damage is repaired by the body itself. Philips, 1998

100

Recommendation of the EU Parliament; high exposure according to Öko-Test (4/2001)

130

Chronic fatigue 40-fold, depression 60-fold, headache, sleep disorder, irritability (Navarro 2003, Oberfeld 2004)

200

Disruption of the cell membrane (Marinelli 1999)

238-20.800

Increase in calcium efflux. Calcium ions play a key role in cell communication (stimulus transmission, tumor control). Dutta, 1989

400

DECT telephone at a distance of 10m

420

Significant dose-response relationship between field strength and freedom from symptoms, as well as all 6 symptom groups examined in 356 persons examined. 1: 70% of people at below 0.06 V/m are symptom-free compared to 2% at above 0.6 V/m. 2: Consistent increase in sleep disturbances, fatigue, depressive mood. 3: Consistent increase in headaches, restlessness, drowsiness, irritability, concentration disorders, forgetfulness, learning disorders, word-finding disorders. 4: Consistent increase in infections, sinusitis, swelling of lymph nodes, joint and limb pain, nerve and soft tissue pain, numbness and tingling sensations, allergies. 5: Increase in ringing in the ears, hearing loss, sudden hearing loss, dizziness, balance problems, visual disturbances, eye inflammation, dry eyes. 6: Consistent increase in cardiac arrhythmia, sudden increases in blood pressure, collapse (“black-out”). 7: Consistent increase in hormonal disorders thyroid disorders, night sweats, frequent urination, hair loss, weight gain, nausea, loss of appetite, nosebleeds, skin diseases, tumor diseases, diabetes. Some of the symptoms disappeared immediately after the end of exposure. Waldmann-Selsam, 2005

200-900

Research results from the Salzburg Regional Clinic: a radiation density of a few 100 μW/m² in the bedroom increases concentration problems, headaches and possibly stress-related cold hands and feet (Hutter et al., BMJ/ Occup. Environ. Med. 2006; 63), and a number of studies even prove damaging influences on the genome!

800

Calcium ion changes in the cell (Schwartz 1990 and others)

1.000

Brain wave changes visible in the EEG (v. Klitzing 1994 and others)

1.000-4.000

DECT base station at a distance of 3 m (Maes 1996 – 2002)

1.300

Significant dose-response relationship between cardiovascular symptoms and the field strength measured at the sleeping area in the vicinity of mobile phone antennas. Significant increase in sleep disturbances. Hutter, 2002

1.600

Motor and cognitive disorders, especially in children (Kolodynski 1996); infertility in mice after 5 generations (Magras 1997)

2.000

significant increase in childhood leukemia cases (Hocking 1996) 1.6-fold increase in childhood leukemia rates near a radio station in North Sydney. Hocking, 19961.4-fold increase in childhood leukemia rates near a radio station in North Sydney. (Lobby follow-up study to Hocking 1996)McKenzie, 1998

2.200

limit in Russia (unpulsed); DNA damage (strand breaks) (Phillips 1998, Verschave 1994, Lai 1996 and others); opening of the blood-brain barrier (Salford 2003); stimulation of T-cells and macrophages (Novoselova 1999);

2.300

Increase in dizziness, aching limbs*, joint pain*, back pain, neck tension, skin tingling, nervousness*, concentration disorders, cough*, stomach complaints, diarrhea, constipation, diabetes, difficulty falling asleep, chronic fatigue, mental disorders, psychoses within a 1500m radius of the Schwarzenburg radio station. (All with dose-response relationship. With * = statistically significant.) Example: 55% of over 45-year-olds had difficulty sleeping through the night* within a 900m radius compared with 13% at a distance of 2000m. Around 50% of the population within a 1500m radius was affected in terms of health. Final report censored. Altpeter, 1995

2.600

3.4-fold cancer rates within a radius of 400m around a mobile phone antenna. The average age of onset was 8.5 years lower than in the outdoor area. (Naila, Germany. *) Mobile radio only. Radio/TV: 0.5) Eger, 2004

2.600

Significant dose-response relationship between sleep disturbances and radiation at the Schwarzenburg radio station. (Retina interprets microwaves as long-wave light and sends this information to the brain at night). Abelin, 1999

2.600

Depending on the type of signal, significant deterioration of various parameters for well-being and mental (cognitive) performance in a double-blind study. The effect was greatest with UMTS signals and people who were previously exposed reacted more clearly. (Zwamborn, 2003South Tyrol/Italy in the countryside: TNO study, worse well-being and cognitive performance especially with UMTS (Zwamborn et al. 2003-2005)

500-3.000

leads to a measurable change in important physiological parameters of the immune system; it can be assumed that prolonged exposure in the living and/or working environment can lead to more significant changes.

3.200

Significant changes in the immune status (blood count) of chronically exposed residents near the Skrunda radar site, Latvia. Brueve, 1998

3.800

Reduced cell division capacity*, reduced lymphocyte count in the blood, increased genetic damage, changes in lying behavior and rumination duration in cattle from farms with increased radio radiation. (“Bavarian Cattle Study”. The poor classification of the farms into high or low exposure groups massively weakened the results of the study. * = statistically significant. Official report censored). Wuschek, 2000

3.800

Statistically significant behavioral changes (possibly stress reactions) in cattle from farms with increased radio radiation: proportion of lying cattle lower+, grazing closer to the barn, changed feeding times and repurchase frequencies+. (“Bavarian cattle study”. The poor classification of the farms into high or low exposure groups massively weakened the results of the study. + = with dose-response relationship p<0.05. Official final report censored). Wenzel, 2

5.200

4-fold cancer rates in a residential area with a mobile phone transmitter (Netanya, Israel). Wolf, 2005

10.000

significant increase in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, MS, dementia, etc.

10.000- 1.000.000

Mobile radio – cell phone at 1 m distance (Maes, Mierau 1994 – 2002)

13.000

significant increase in adult leukemia cases (Dolk 1997) 1.8-fold increase in adult leukemia rates near the Sutton-Coldfield radio station, UK. (Dose-response relationship: studies around weaker transmitters showed lower leukemia rates). Dolk, 1997

18.000

41% more lymphocytes, 31% more monocytes, etc. Tonascia, 1976

18.000

4-fold breast cancer rate, 20-fold brain tumor rate among residents of the radar-irradiated embassy in Moscow. Goldsmith, 1995

18.000

Significant effects on cognitive functions in residents of the radar-irradiated embassy in Moscow. Lilienfeld, 1978

40.000

Visual reaction time slows down in children / lower memory function in tests. Chiang, 1989

66.000

Significant increase in sleep disturbances, fatigue, irritability, headaches, nausea, loss of appetite, depressive tendencies, cardiovascular problems, skin problems, concentration disorders, memory loss, dizziness, visual disturbances, hearing disorders, movement disorders in people living near a mobile phone antenna. Dose-response relationship to distance. Santini, 2002 & 2003

49.000- 95.000

Impaired nervous system activity Dumansky, 1974

50.000

DECT telephone at a distance of 0.5 m, sometimes higher!

95.000-265.000

Changes in the hippocampus of the brain Belokrinitskii, 1982

95.000- 215.000

Increase in micronuclei (abnormal DNA form, an indicator of genetic damage) in chronically exposed workers Garaj-Vrhovac, 1999

100.000

Limit value in Poland

>100.000

DECT base station at a distance of 30-50 cm (Maes 1996 – 2002) > 100,000 μW/m² Mobile phone base station at 20 m (Maes, Merkel et al. 1995-2015) 50 m 5-25,000, 200 m 1-5000, 1000 m 0.2-1000 μW/m² (line of sight) Bluetooth headset on the head

122.000

Significant decrease in arterial blood pressure (hypotension) Lu, 1999

160.000

Limit value in Italy

240.000

Significant opening of the blood-brain barrier (protective membrane of the brain) and visible destruction of brain cells (“dark neurons”) in rats after 2 hours of irradiation with a commercially available cell phone. Dose-response relationship present. Salford, 2003

381.000

Handset of a cordless telephone according to the DECT standard at a distance of 2 cm. H.-U. Jakob et al.

401.000

Highly significant, 6.9-fold incidence of testicular cancer among police officers who used radar guns. (Dosimetry: Fink, 1999.) Davis, 1993, Fink, 1999

>1.000.000

> 1,000,000 μW/m² WLAN close to the body, lap, abdomen (Building Biology Maes 2005-2015) 30 cm 80,000, 1 m 8000, 2 m 2000, 5 m 300, 50 m 3 μW/m² (view)

2.000.000

Germany 26th BImSchV for TETRA

4.500.000

German limit value for D-network; Germany 26th BImSchV for LTE; Germany 26th BImSchV for GSM900

8.000.000

Cell phone at a distance of approx. 2 cm. There are no limits for cell phones.

9.000.000

German limit value for electrical network; Germany 26th BImSchV for GSM1800

10.000.000

German limit value for UMTS; 26th BImSchV

>10.000.000

Cell phone – cell phone near the head (Maes, Mierau 1994 – 2002) > 10,000,000 μW/m² DECT cordless phone near the head (Baubiologie Maes 1996-2015) 30 cm 66,000-450,000 μW/m², 1 m 6000-40,000, 5 m 250-1600, 10 m 50-400, 20 m 15-100, 30 m 6-45 μW/m² (visual contact)

49.000.000

Retinal damage in an antenna technician after 30 min. exposure. (Night blind, color blind.) Slesin, 1992

>100.000.000

100,000,000 μW/m² cell phone at the head (Baubiologie Maes et al. 1994-2015) 1 m to 200,000, 5 m to 5000, 10 m to 1500, 20 m to 500 μW/m². Just 20 seconds of cell phone calls are enough to visibly change the blood count and cause red blood cells to clump together.

Well…it’s all a question of how the limit values are set. If these are set significantly higher, then there appears to be no danger to humans and therefore no health concerns with regard to e.g. cell phone radiation, WLAN, DECT and the like, theoretically…

High-frequency fields – basics of this technology: 27 MHz – 10 GHz (and higher)

In order to transmit information by radio, the carrier waves must be modulated with the respective base frequency, i.e. changed so that the carrier waves can be “charged” with the information to be transported. In modern high-frequency technology, the base signal is additionally pulsed in order to be able to transport a different digital “data packet” to another receiver with each “pulse”, e.g. a mobile phone mast can transmit several telephone calls at the same time.

And it is precisely this “pulsed” radiation that has a particularly disruptive effect on the human electric field, leading to a multiple unnatural superposition of the oscillations of our own electric field. The effect is similar to standing in front of several defective microwave ovens with high leakage radiation, each emitting in a different frequency range.

It is not for nothing that microwave ovens may only be sold after a leakage test!

And it is not only the human electric field that is disturbed, but also sensitive technology reacts to it. That’s why cell phone use was banned in hospitals and airplanes for years!

Radiation limit values for low-frequency alternating electric fields

(Specifications apply to a frequency of 50 – 60 Hz, unless otherwise stated)

Household appliances, power lines, machines and much more cause electric fields that affect people.

The voltage (volts) per meter is measured here (volts per meter).

0.0001 V/m Alternating fields in nature

0.7 V/m Acceleration of cell division in yeast fungi (Merron, Goodman, etc.)

1 V/m building biology guideline value for bedrooms, recommendation of critical scientists, TCO standard for VDU workstations (30 cm distance)

Recommendation US Congress 1996, European Academy of Environmental Medicine EUROPAEM, daytime (2015), precautionary limit value waking areas (Resolution Citizens’ Forum 1999)

10 V/m increase in the risk of leukemia in children (Coghill 1996)

Ecolog Institute recommendation, reduction of the hormone melatonin -> sleep disorders (Wilson, Andersen, Stephen et al. 1990), formation of free radicals (Kula, Sobczak et al. 2002), disruption of cell signal transmission (Adey et al. 1976)

20 V/m influence on lymphocytes (Leyle, Ayotte, Sheppard et al. 1986)

25 V/m limit value proposal by the EU Environment and Health Committee

Parliament

100 V/m Aggressiveness and behavioral abnormalities in bees (Warnke 1973)

2,000 V/m Interference with pacemakers (Krause, Berufsgenossenschaft 1993) Limit value in Germany, recommendation IRPA/INIRC

5,000 V/m for private individuals electric heating blanket, directly under 110 KV high-voltage line

9,000 V/m directly under 380 KV high-voltage line

10,000 V/m limit value in Germany for railroad installations (16.7 Hz / 26th BImSchV, 1997)

20,000 V/m DIN/VDE 0848 for workplaces

http://www.elektro-sensibel.de/docs/Grenzwerte.pdf

Radiation limit values for low-frequency alternating magnetic fields

(Specifications apply to a frequency of 50 – 60 Hz, unless otherwise stated)

Household appliances, power lines, machines and much more cause magnetic fields that affect people. These alternating magnetic fields in particular are very penetrating and can only be shielded with great effort.

The penetration strength or magnetic flux density is measured here in Tesla, usually in nanotesla (nT)

0.0002 nT alternating magnetic fields in nature

10 nT SAGU limit value in Sweden, BUND for rest rooms

20 nT building biology guideline value for bedrooms

50 nT Hamburg health authority for residential buildings and kindergartens as maximum; disturbance of the calcium ion balance of the cells 60 nT (Adey 1976)

Melatonin suppression by 46% (Cherry, Rosen, Barber, Lyle et al. 1998)

70 nT disturbances in the EEG; Ecolog Institute recommendation as maximum; various recommendations as maximum for the waking area; embryonic malformation, neurochemical changes (Becker et al.); acceleration of the cell division rate in cancer (Becker, Philips et al.); increased suicide risk (international epidemiological studies)

100 nT Influence on cell metabolism (Li 1999 et al.)

110 nT Continuously increasing cancer risk

130 nT significant increase in leukemia in children in the first two years of life

140 nT Disturbance of ECG function (Newi, Hamburger E-Werke 1993)

Reference value in Sweden; TCO standard for workplaces; DIN/VDE 0107 for medical diagnostic rooms, EEG

200 nT Recommendation US Congress

300 nT More premature births, increasing risk of cancer in children (Wertheimer, Leeper 1976 and others); increased risk of leukemia in children (many epidemiological studies)

350 nT Increased risk of leukemia, cancer and tumors according to WHO (LARC 2001)

Exposure-dependent increase in tumors (Hakason 2002)

500 nT Technical interference on screens; reference value in Italy

600 nT Rising increase in the risk of childhood leukemia up to 80% (UCLA 1999)

Alzheimer’s and ALS 2 to 7 times higher (Savitz, Sobel, Feychting, et al.)

Reduction of killer cell activity (Gobba, Bargellini, Bravo et al., 2009)

Reduction of the hormone melatonin (Wilson 1990, Burch 1999, et al.)

1,000 nT Disturbance of cell signal transmission (Adey et al. 1976)

2,000 nT Chromosome damage, DNA breaks (various epidemiological studies)

2,500 nT Oxidative stress, formation of free radicals (Kula, Sobczak et al. 2002)

5,000 nT directly under 110 KV high-voltage line

8,000 nT directly under 220 KV high-voltage line

10,000 nT Interference from pacemakers (Krause, Berufsgenossenschaft 1993)

directly above electric heating blankets, directly under 380 KV high-voltage line

20,000 nT Data loss on PCs

50,000 nT directly above electric underfloor heating systems, (Maes et al.)

100,000 nT limit value in Germany

300,000 nT limit value in Germany for railroad systems (16.667 Hz)

400,000 nT DIN/VDE 0848 for the population

5,000,000 nT DIN/VDE 0848 for workplaces

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